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In a database, you can organize data in multiple tables. For example, if you manage a database for the Human Resources department, you might have one table that lists all the information about employees and another table that lists all the departments:
You have multiple departments for employees, but you would not store the information about the departments in every employee row for the following reasons:
Storing multiple occurrences of the same data is rarely a good thing. Good relational database design separates application entities into their own tables. Key values from one table are often stored in a related table rather than repeating the information. The key value is used to join the data between the tables to return the complete set of data required.
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